DEMOCRACYS.ORG / COUNTRY BRIEF
Madagascar
Institutions and political conditions · 2025
#122of 179 places
−8.4points since 2015
29.8–45.6source-bound score area*
What the score says
Madagascar scores 38.3 on the Democracys Standard. Its score was 46.7 in 2015, a fall of 8.4 points. The lowest-scoring dimension in 2025 is political equality (34.0).
What drove the change?
The score for Madagascar fell 8.4 points, from 46.7 to 38.3 between 2015 and 2025. All five areas declined. Elections contributed the largest downward push in the score calculation.
This explains movement within the formula, not the causal effect of political events.
2025 context · Freedom House assessment
A military takeover displaced elected executive authority
The military seized power after the president fled amid unrest and installed unelected executive leadership. The change shifted authority away from an electoral mandate and increased the military’s political role. This is a structural break in how power is held, not an ordinary electoral rotation.
Read the country report · Freedom in the World 2026AI-assisted source summary · not independently expert-reviewed
What this context does—and does not—explain
This is a selected development, not a complete political history. Its date may differ from the selected comparison period. It is not evidence that one event caused a particular number of points, and it may describe progress even when this index declines.
The scores use V-Dem. The narrative summarizes a separate assessment by Freedom House, whose definitions and coverage differ. Neither organization endorses this website. The summary is AI-assisted, source-linked, and has not received independent country-expert review. Source checked October 5, 2026.
Why democracy measures can disagree →Look beneath the headline
| Democracy test | 2025 | Since 2015 |
|---|---|---|
| Free and fair elections | 36.1 | −11.5 |
| Rights and checks on power | 38.7 | −5.8 |
| Public participation | 47.4 | −8.2 |
| Public reasoning | 36.0 | −10.7 |
| Political equality | 34.0 | −5.6 |
Dimension movements are not additive contributions to the overall score. The method also accounts for weak areas.
Three questions worth investigating
- Do different social groups have equal rights, access, resources, and a real chance to influence political power?
- Which documented changes in laws, institutions, or their implementation occurred during the period?
- What evidence challenges your explanation, and whose experience is missing?
Use primary records and country expertise. A change in an estimate alone does not identify its cause.
Read with care
This is an independent educational beta, not a V-Dem endorsement. Scores are not percentages of democracy or judgments about a people. Small differences may be within uncertainty. *The score area is obtained from source bounds; it is not a formal confidence interval for this composite or its change.