2025 country profile

How democratic is
Comoros?

Comoros scores 38.1 out of 100 and ranks 123 of 179 in our independent 2025 democracy measure. Its lowest-scoring test is public reasoning. Explore the evidence and history below.

Democracys.org beta estimate, derived from V-Dem v16. A measure of political institutions and conditions—not a percentage of democracy or a judgment of people.

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DEMOCRACYS SCORE

38.1out of 100Far from the standard

2025 rank123 of 179

10-year change−15.2

25-year change−5.2

Source-bound range29.9–45.1

Weakest areaReasoning

The source-bound range is an uncertainty guide, not a confidence interval for this combined score. How to read the range →

SCORE HISTORY

Comoros, 1975–2025

The shaded area is a plain-language uncertainty guide. Treat small score differences cautiously.

About uncertainty

BEYOND THE NUMBERS

What changed on the ground?

A documented development to help interpret the institutions behind the score.

2025 context · Freedom House assessment

Religious intolerance narrowed civil freedom

Freedom House reports increasing government intolerance toward religions other than Sunni Islam, particularly persecution of converts to Christianity. This concerns equal protection and the freedom to hold minority beliefs. It offers context for assessing rights, while not identifying the cause of a particular change in the separate Democracys measure.

Read the country report · Freedom in the World 2026

AI-assisted source summary · not independently expert-reviewed

What this context does—and does not—explain

This is a selected development, not a complete political history. Its date may differ from the selected comparison period. It is not evidence that one event caused a particular number of points, and it may describe progress even when this index declines.

The scores use V-Dem. The narrative summarizes a separate assessment by Freedom House, whose definitions and coverage differ. Neither organization endorses this website. The summary is AI-assisted, source-linked, and has not received independent country-expert review. Source checked October 5, 2026.

Why democracy measures can disagree →

UNDERSTAND THE CHANGE

What drove the score?

2015–2025 · the measured story

The score for Comoros fell 15.2 points, from 53.3 to 38.1 between 2015 and 2025. All five areas declined. Public reasoning contributed the largest downward push in the score calculation.

Read the political context ↓

Largest influence on the calculation

Public reasoning

The evidence rates public justification, consultation, and engagement with opposing arguments less favorably.

Area score: 61.4 → 27.5
Approx. contribution to overall change: −7.0 points

Another important influence

Rights and checks

The evidence points toward weaker civil liberties, equality before the law, or constraints on executive power.

Area score: 49.8 → 29.7
Approx. contribution to overall change: −4.3 points

These contributions explain the calculation—not the causes. The five area scores combine several indicators; they do not identify which individual law, election, or event changed.

When did the biggest shifts appear?

The largest year-to-year movements within this period. These are changes in annual estimates, not precise dates of political events.

2016–2017−3.1 points
The overall score fell from 53.2 to 50.1. Rights and checks supplied the largest downward contribution to that year’s calculated change.
2017–2018−3.1 points
The overall score fell from 50.1 to 47.0. Public reasoning supplied the largest downward contribution to that year’s calculated change.
2018–2019−3.5 points
The overall score fell from 47.0 to 43.5. Rights and checks supplied the largest downward contribution to that year’s calculated change.

Highest published score in this window: 53.3 in 2015. Small differences may fall within the source’s uncertainty.

See all five areas and how contributions are calculated

Changes in inputs versus contributions to the overall score
Area	2015	2025	Input change	Approx. contribution
Public reasoning	61.4	27.5	−33.9	−7.0
Rights and checks	49.8	29.7	−20.1	−4.3
Elections	39.5	29.3	−10.2	−2.4
Participation	57.7	51.0	−6.7	−1.2
Political equality	59.9	57.6	−2.3	−0.4

We change the five inputs from their starting to ending values in every possible order, then average each area’s effect on the formula. This distributes the formula’s interactions (a Shapley allocation). It is a mathematical attribution, not a causal estimate.

Inputs and published scores are rounded, so contributions are approximate and may not add exactly to the displayed total. No significance test is implied. Read the full scoring method →

BENEATH THE SCORE

Five dimensions of democracy

The headline score cannot show where a political system is strong or constrained. These five tests can. Each has equal weight in the beta standard.

Free and fair elections

Can people choose their leaders through broad voting rights, honest elections, free political groups, and open public debate?

29.3

Rights and checks on power

Are basic freedoms protected, laws applied fairly, courts independent, and leaders prevented from abusing power?

29.7

Public participation

Can people shape public life through civic groups, direct voting, and meaningful local and regional government?

51.0

Public reasoning

Do leaders explain decisions, consult the public, answer opposing arguments, and consider the common good?

27.5

Political equality

Do different social groups have equal rights, access, resources, and a real chance to influence political power?

57.6

HOW TO READ THIS PROFILE

Two kinds of evidence.
One clearer picture.

The score breakdown identifies which parts of the measure changed most. The country report adds documented political context. Together they help explain the institutions at stake—but they do not prove that a specific event produced a specific number of points.

Why this score differs from other democracy indices →

What a declining score can—and cannot—tell us about democratic backsliding

A recent improvement can coexist with a long-term decline. Always compare the dates, check the linked source, and consider developments the selected narrative does not cover.

ANNUAL DATA

Comoros score table

Download Comoros CSV

Year	Score	Source-bound range	Elections	Rights & checks	Participation	Reasoning	Equality
2025	38.1	29.9–45.1	29.3	29.7	51.0	27.5	57.6
2024	38.2	30.3–44.5	27.6	27.8	51.3	29.6	60.5
2023	38.8	31.1–45.5	26.4	28.2	51.5	33.4	59.8
2022	39.8	31.8–46.0	27.2	29.3	51.8	36.7	58.6
2021	41.0	33.4–47.8	28.0	28.6	51.8	41.0	60.2
2020	42.8	35.8–49.8	28.0	28.5	51.8	51.1	59.8
2019	43.5	36.4–50.3	30.5	27.8	52.2	50.5	61.5
2018	47.0	39.3–54.2	36.7	35.1	56.1	51.0	59.0
2017	50.1	43.2–57.7	38.0	38.9	57.8	58.6	60.0
2016	53.2	46.2–61.3	38.5	50.9	57.4	61.4	59.5
2015	53.3	46.3–61.2	39.5	49.8	57.7	61.4	59.9
2014	55.1	47.8–63.3	46.7	50.6	57.9	61.4	59.9
2013	55.2	47.4–63.1	46.7	50.8	58.2	61.4	59.5
2012	53.8	47.0–62.3	44.6	48.2	56.6	60.6	60.1
2011	53.8	47.0–62.3	44.6	48.2	56.6	60.6	60.1
2010	53.1	46.3–61.4	41.6	48.3	56.2	60.6	60.1
2009	52.0	45.1–60.2	41.8	44.9	54.7	60.6	59.4
2008	51.2	43.5–59.2	41.4	46.1	53.9	53.9	62.0
2007	50.8	43.0–58.5	41.4	46.1	54.2	52.2	61.1
2006	53.3	46.3–61.5	41.9	45.7	54.4	64.7	61.4
2005	54.3	47.1–62.2	42.7	46.5	55.6	68.4	60.3
2004	52.7	45.6–60.2	40.8	41.0	55.6	68.4	60.3
2003	49.6	42.9–56.5	36.9	30.0	55.6	68.4	63.0
2002	47.8	41.7–54.8	31.5	28.2	55.6	68.4	63.0
2001	43.5	37.6–49.7	22.1	24.6	53.7	68.4	60.0
2000	43.3	37.3–49.9	21.8	26.6	50.3	68.4	59.9
1999	43.9	36.4–50.9	29.6	29.3	47.8	57.3	60.7
1998	48.4	40.4–56.9	43.0	37.3	47.8	57.3	58.4
1997	48.6	40.1–56.6	42.9	37.1	49.8	57.3	57.7
1996	44.3	36.6–51.5	31.7	29.8	49.3	57.3	57.7
1995	46.9	38.3–54.6	40.0	36.7	44.2	57.3	58.4
1994	47.1	38.6–54.8	39.9	37.6	44.2	57.3	58.4
1993	44.5	36.5–51.7	33.9	32.3	44.2	57.3	58.4
1992	48.0	39.7–56.1	41.4	37.0	47.6	57.3	58.4
1991	47.2	38.8–55.2	41.8	35.4	44.5	57.3	59.5
1990	46.0	38.1–54.0	38.1	34.2	44.5	57.3	58.7
1989	33.8	26.7–40.7	20.6	25.7	37.0	43.9	45.9
1988	33.6	26.6–40.7	20.6	25.7	37.0	43.9	44.7
1987	33.6	26.6–40.6	20.4	25.7	37.0	43.9	44.7
1986	32.9	25.4–39.7	20.3	25.0	37.0	41.2	44.7
1985	32.8	25.1–39.2	20.3	24.8	37.0	41.2	44.4
1984	32.8	25.1–39.3	20.4	24.8	37.0	41.2	44.4
1983	32.9	25.1–39.3	20.6	24.8	37.0	41.2	44.4
1982	33.0	25.1–39.4	20.9	24.8	37.0	41.2	44.4
1981	33.6	26.1–40.5	22.6	24.8	37.0	41.2	45.4
1980	33.1	25.7–40.2	22.6	24.8	34.7	41.2	45.4
1979	34.0	26.4–40.9	21.9	26.5	34.7	41.7	48.8
1978	35.4	28.6–42.4	15.0	30.2	37.9	41.6	61.1
1977	31.9	25.3–38.5	16.9	30.3	19.0	41.6	61.1
1976	30.9	23.9–37.4	16.9	29.7	15.7	41.6	61.1
1975	24.4	17.1–30.3	13.1	24.1	13.3	32.6	46.6
1974	18.4	11.8–23.3	14.5	23.0	10.7	15.4	31.7
1973	16.8	10.1–21.8	14.5	24.0	7.4	15.4	26.5
1972	16.2	9.7–20.8	12.3	23.6	7.4	14.7	26.9
1971	15.0	8.8–19.5	12.1	19.1	7.0	13.8	26.9
1970	15.0	8.8–19.5	11.9	19.1	7.0	13.8	26.9
1969	14.9	8.6–19.3	11.7	18.9	7.0	13.8	26.5
1968	14.9	8.6–19.3	11.7	18.9	7.0	13.8	26.5
1967	14.9	8.6–19.3	11.7	18.9	7.0	13.8	26.5
1966	14.9	8.6–19.3	11.7	18.9	7.0	13.8	26.5
1965	14.9	8.6–19.3	11.7	18.9	7.0	13.8	26.5
1964	14.8	8.5–19.3	11.6	18.6	7.0	13.8	26.5
1963	14.8	8.5–19.3	11.6	18.7	7.0	13.8	26.5
1962	14.6	8.2–18.9	11.6	18.7	7.0	13.8	25.1
1961	14.0	7.8–18.0	11.6	18.7	7.0	12.2	23.4
1960	13.9	7.7–17.8	11.6	18.7	7.0	11.6	23.4
1959	13.6	7.7–17.8	11.6	17.8	7.0	11.4	23.2
1958	13.6	7.7–17.8	11.6	17.8	7.0	11.4	23.2
1957	13.4	7.7–17.7	11.5	17.8	7.0	10.6	23.2
1956	12.2	6.6–16.2	6.5	17.7	7.0	10.6	23.2
1955	12.2	6.6–16.1	6.5	17.7	6.7	10.6	23.5
1954	12.2	6.6–16.1	6.5	17.7	6.7	10.6	23.5
1953	12.2	6.6–16.1	6.5	17.7	6.7	10.6	23.5
1952	12.2	6.6–16.1	6.5	17.7	6.7	10.6	23.5
1951	12.2	6.6–16.1	6.5	17.7	6.7	10.6	23.5
1950	12.0	6.4–16.0	5.9	17.7	6.7	10.6	23.5
1949	11.8	6.3–15.9	5.9	17.5	6.7	10.6	22.5
1948	11.8	6.3–15.8	5.6	17.5	6.7	10.6	22.5
1947	10.9	5.5–14.4	5.1	15.5	6.7	8.7	22.5
1946	10.9	5.5–14.4	4.7	15.2	6.7	8.7	23.7
1913	8.0	3.7–11.1	3.2	16.0	4.5	4.0	17.6
1912	7.4	3.1–10.0	2.9	15.4	4.5	2.6	17.6
1911	7.4	3.2–10.0	2.9	15.4	4.5	2.6	17.6
1910	7.0	3.1–9.6	2.9	15.4	3.1	2.6	17.6
1909	7.0	3.1–9.6	2.9	15.4	3.1	2.6	17.6
1908	7.0	3.1–9.6	2.9	15.4	3.1	2.6	17.6
1907	7.0	3.1–9.6	2.9	15.2	3.1	2.6	17.6
1906	7.0	3.1–9.6	2.9	15.2	3.1	2.6	17.6
1905	7.0	3.1–9.6	2.9	15.2	3.1	2.6	17.6
1904	7.0	3.1–9.6	2.9	15.2	3.1	2.6	17.6
1903	6.9	3.1–9.6	2.9	14.7	3.1	2.6	17.6
1902	7.0	3.1–9.8	2.9	14.7	3.1	2.9	17.6
1901	7.0	3.1–9.8	2.9	14.7	3.1	2.9	17.6
1900	7.0	3.2–9.8	2.7	15.2	3.1	2.9	17.6

CITE THIS PROFILE

Source and attribution

Democracys.org (2026), “Comoros Democracy Score, 1900–2025,” Democracys Standard v1.0 beta; derived from Coppedge et al. (2026), V-Dem Country-Year Dataset v16.

Open source DOI

NEARBY IN THE 2025 RANKING

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All rankings

How democratic isComoros?

Comoros, 1975–2025

Religious intolerance narrowed civil freedom

Public reasoning

Rights and checks

When did the biggest shifts appear?

Five dimensions of democracy

Free and fair elections

Rights and checks on power

Public participation

Public reasoning

Political equality

Two kinds of evidence.One clearer picture.

Comoros score table

Source and attribution

How democratic is
Comoros?

Two kinds of evidence.
One clearer picture.